9+ Cheap Nashville to Tri Cities TN Flights (2024)


9+ Cheap Nashville to Tri Cities TN Flights (2024)

This air route connects Tennessee’s state capital with the northeastern area of the state, generally often known as the Tri-Cities, comprising Bristol, Johnson Metropolis, and Kingsport. This journey choice supplies a handy different to driving, considerably decreasing journey time and providing a extra environment friendly strategy to traverse the state.

The supply of air journey between these two areas fosters financial and social connections, enabling simpler entry for enterprise vacationers, vacationers, and people visiting household and mates. Traditionally, this route has performed an important position in connecting a serious metropolitan hub with a geographically distinct and economically important a part of the state, supporting each regional improvement and facilitating interstate journey.

Additional exploration will cowl matters corresponding to airline choices, flight schedules, typical fares, airport facilities, and transportation choices from the Tri-Cities Airport to surrounding areas. Extra data could embody journey ideas for maximizing effectivity and luxury, in addition to insights into the area’s sights and actions.

1. Airports

Airports function the essential infrastructure underpinning air journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. Understanding the particular airports concerned and their traits is crucial for efficient journey planning.

  • Origin and Vacation spot Airports

    Flights usually function between Nashville Worldwide Airport (BNA) and Tri-Cities Airport (TRI). BNA, a serious airport, provides quite a few facilities and connections. TRI, serving the Tri-Cities space, supplies handy entry to the area. Figuring out the particular airport codes is important for correct flight searches and bookings.

  • Airport Services and Providers

    Airport amenities impression the general journey expertise. BNA, as a bigger airport, provides a wider vary of facilities corresponding to eating places, outlets, and lounges. Understanding the companies obtainable at each departure and arrival airports permits vacationers to anticipate their wants and plan accordingly. This consists of contemplating elements like parking, floor transportation, and accessibility companies.

  • Airport Location and Accessibility

    The geographical location of every airport influences floor transportation choices and journey time. BNA’s location in Nashville supplies easy accessibility to the town heart. TRI’s location requires consideration of transportation to the particular cities throughout the Tri-Cities regionBristol, Johnson Metropolis, or Kingsport. Planning floor transportation upfront streamlines the journey.

  • Airport Measurement and Format

    Airport dimension and format have an effect on navigation and time administration. BNA’s bigger dimension could require extra time for navigating terminals and safety checks. Familiarizing oneself with airport maps and layouts beforehand can decrease stress and guarantee clean transitions.

Contemplating these airport-related elements contributes considerably to environment friendly and stress-free journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. Understanding the traits of each BNA and TRI empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices, optimizing their total journey expertise.

2. Airways

Airline choice performs an important position in planning journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. Understanding the airways servicing this route, their choices, and their respective reputations permits vacationers to make knowledgeable decisions aligned with their priorities and preferences. The next sides present a deeper understanding of the airline panorama for this particular route.

  • Working Carriers

    Figuring out the particular airways that function flights between Nashville Worldwide Airport (BNA) and Tri-Cities Airport (TRI) is step one. Widespread carriers for regional routes usually embody regional associates of main airways. Figuring out which airways service the route permits for focused fare searches and schedule comparisons. This data empowers vacationers to decide on airways based mostly on elements corresponding to present loyalty packages, baggage insurance policies, and total service fame.

  • Service Frequency and Scheduling

    The frequency of flights supplied by every airline immediately impacts journey flexibility. Some airways could supply a number of flights per day, whereas others could function much less incessantly. Understanding flight schedules is crucial for coordinating journey plans and minimizing potential wait instances. Direct flights, if obtainable, typically supply essentially the most handy and time-efficient choice, whereas connecting flights usually contain layovers and prolonged journey durations.

  • Pricing and Fare Buildings

    Airfares are a big think about journey planning. Airways make use of numerous pricing methods, and fares can fluctuate based mostly on demand, time of yr, and reserving window. Evaluating fares throughout totally different airways working on the Nashville to Tri-Cities route helps establish essentially the most cost-effective choices. Elements corresponding to baggage charges, seat choice fees, and different ancillary prices needs to be thought of alongside the bottom fare to find out the whole price of the flight.

  • Plane Sort and Facilities

    The kind of plane used on this route influences the in-flight expertise. Totally different plane supply various ranges of consolation, legroom, and facilities. Some airways could supply in-flight leisure, Wi-Fi, or complimentary snacks and drinks, whereas others could present a extra fundamental service. Understanding the plane kind and obtainable facilities permits vacationers to anticipate the in-flight expertise and make decisions aligned with their consolation preferences.

Cautious consideration of those airline-specific elements permits knowledgeable decision-making, contributing to a smoother and extra passable journey expertise between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. By understanding the nuances of every airways choices, vacationers can choose the choice greatest suited to their particular person wants and preferences, maximizing each effectivity and luxury.

3. Flight Period

Flight period is a crucial issue when contemplating air journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. Understanding the everyday size of those flights, and the elements that may affect it, permits for efficient journey planning and time administration. This data empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices and optimize their total journey expertise.

  • Scheduled Flight Time

    Scheduled flight time represents the estimated period of the flight itself, excluding floor transportation and airport procedures. For the Nashville to Tri-Cities route, scheduled flight instances are typically quick, usually lower than an hour. This comparatively quick flight period makes air journey a considerably quicker different to driving, particularly contemplating potential visitors and highway circumstances.

  • Potential Delays

    Whereas scheduled flight instances present a baseline, numerous elements can affect the precise period of a flight. Air visitors congestion, climate circumstances, and mechanical points can all contribute to delays. Vacationers ought to account for potential delays when planning connecting flights or time-sensitive appointments, including buffer time to their itineraries to mitigate the impression of unexpected circumstances.

  • Influence on Itinerary

    The overall journey time, together with flight period, airport procedures, and floor transportation, should be factored into total itinerary planning. A brief flight period contributes to a extra environment friendly journey expertise, permitting for extra time to be spent on the vacation spot quite than in transit. That is significantly related for enterprise vacationers or these with restricted time constraints.

  • Comparability with Different Transportation

    Evaluating the flight period in opposition to the time required for different modes of transportation, corresponding to driving, supplies precious context. The comparatively quick flight period between Nashville and the Tri-Cities usually makes flying a extra time-efficient choice, significantly when contemplating the space between the 2 places and potential visitors delays on the highway.

Understanding the nuances of flight period, and its potential variability, is essential for efficient journey planning between Nashville and the Tri-Cities. By contemplating scheduled flight instances, potential delays, and the impression on total itinerary, vacationers could make knowledgeable choices that optimize their journey expertise and decrease potential disruptions.

4. Schedules

Flight schedules are integral to the planning and execution of air journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. An intensive understanding of scheduling dynamics permits vacationers to optimize itineraries, handle time successfully, and decrease potential disruptions. The interaction between flight schedules and numerous journey issues underscores the significance of this facet.

Airways servicing the Nashville to Tri-Cities route usually function on outlined schedules, providing flights at particular instances all through the day. These schedules affect departure and arrival instances, impacting connections with different flights or floor transportation preparations. For example, a morning flight from Nashville may enable for a full day of enterprise within the Tri-Cities, whereas a night flight may higher swimsuit leisure vacationers. Contemplating schedule choices relative to private commitments and deliberate actions is essential for environment friendly time administration.

Differences due to the season also can affect flight schedules. Airways may regulate flight frequency or timings throughout peak journey seasons or in response to fluctuating demand. Vacationers ought to seek the advice of up to date schedules nearer to their meant journey dates to make sure accuracy and keep away from potential conflicts. Direct flights, usually most popular for his or her comfort, could have restricted availability relying on the time of yr or day. Connecting flights, whereas probably providing extra schedule flexibility, introduce extra journey time and the opportunity of missed connections as a result of delays. Understanding these nuances permits vacationers to make knowledgeable choices based mostly on particular person wants and priorities. Furthermore, flight schedules impression floor transportation logistics. Coordinating arrival instances with obtainable shuttle companies, rental automotive pick-ups, or different transportation choices ensures seamless transitions and avoids pointless delays upon arrival within the Tri-Cities.

5. Fares

Airfares characterize a significant factor of journey planning for these contemplating flights between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area of Tennessee. Fluctuations in fare costs are pushed by a posh interaction of things, together with gas prices, seasonal demand, competitors amongst airways, and the timing of ticket purchases. Understanding these dynamics empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices and probably safe more cost effective journey preparations. For instance, reserving flights nicely upfront, significantly in periods of decrease demand, usually yields decrease fares in comparison with last-minute bookings throughout peak season. Conversely, sudden occasions or restricted seat availability can drive costs upward, whatever the reserving timeframe.

The kind of fare bought additionally influences the general price and adaptability. Fundamental financial system fares usually supply the bottom value level however usually include restrictions, corresponding to restricted baggage allowance, non-refundable insurance policies, and assigned seating limitations. Premium financial system or enterprise class fares present extra facilities and adaptability however come at a better price. Evaluating the trade-off between price and desired stage of consolation and comfort is crucial for choosing essentially the most acceptable fare class. Moreover, evaluating fares throughout totally different airways servicing the route and using on-line journey companies or fare comparability web sites can reveal potential price financial savings. Flexibility with journey dates also can contribute to discovering extra reasonably priced choices.

Managing airfare bills successfully contributes considerably to optimizing journey budgets. By understanding the elements influencing fare fluctuations and strategically approaching the reserving course of, vacationers can mitigate prices with out compromising journey plans. Cautious consideration of fare choices, mixed with thorough analysis and versatile planning, empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices that align with their budgetary constraints and journey goals. This proactive strategy ensures an economical and environment friendly journey expertise between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area.

6. Baggage Allowance

Baggage allowance is an important facet of air journey planning, significantly for the Nashville to Tri-Cities TN flight. Understanding airline-specific insurance policies relating to baggage dimension, weight, and related charges is crucial for avoiding sudden prices and making certain a clean journey expertise. Cautious consideration of bags restrictions permits vacationers to pack effectively and cling to airline laws.

  • Carry-On Baggage

    Carry-on baggage contains gadgets allowed onboard the plane. Airways usually implement dimension and weight restrictions for carry-on gadgets to make sure secure and environment friendly boarding. Exceeding these limits can lead to gate-checked baggage and related charges. Understanding these restrictions is essential for packing effectively and avoiding potential delays or extra bills. For the Nashville to Tri-Cities flight, adhering to carry-on baggage insurance policies streamlines the boarding course of, particularly given the usually shorter flight period.

  • Checked Baggage

    Checked baggage refers to baggage transported within the plane’s cargo maintain. Airways impose charges for checked baggage, usually various based mostly on weight, dimension, and the variety of baggage checked. Exceeding prescribed weight limits incurs extra charges. Pre-purchasing checked baggage allowance on-line can generally supply price financial savings in comparison with buying on the airport. For the Nashville to Tri-Cities flight, understanding checked baggage insurance policies permits vacationers to issue these prices into their journey price range.

  • Outsized/Chubby Baggage

    Gadgets exceeding commonplace dimension or weight limits for each carry-on and checked baggage are topic to extra charges. These charges could be substantial, emphasizing the significance of adhering to airline laws. Sporting tools, musical devices, and different unusually formed gadgets usually fall into this class, requiring pre-arrangement with the airline to make sure correct dealing with and keep away from potential journey disruptions. Planning for such gadgets is very essential for the Nashville to Tri-Cities route, given the potential for musical instrument transport associated to Nashville’s music trade.

  • Prohibited Gadgets

    Sure gadgets are prohibited in each carry-on and checked baggage as a result of security laws. These usually embody hazardous supplies, flammable liquids, and weapons. Familiarizing oneself with the Transportation Safety Administration (TSA) pointers and airline-specific restrictions is essential for avoiding confiscation of things and potential journey delays. Understanding these laws contributes to a clean and safe journey expertise on the Nashville to Tri-Cities flight.

Adhering to baggage allowance insurance policies contributes considerably to a hassle-free journey expertise on the Nashville to Tri-Cities flight. Cautious consideration of bags restrictions, mixed with environment friendly packing methods and pre-planning for outsized or uncommon gadgets, permits vacationers to keep away from sudden charges and potential delays. Understanding these insurance policies empowers knowledgeable decision-making and ensures a smoother, extra environment friendly journey.

7. Journey Time

Journey time represents a crucial issue influencing the general effectivity and comfort of journeys between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. Understanding the assorted parts contributing to complete journey time, and their respective impression, empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices and optimize their itineraries. This complete perspective encompasses not solely flight period but in addition pre-flight and post-flight actions, providing a holistic view of time administration associated to this particular air journey route.

  • Pre-Flight Procedures

    Pre-flight procedures embody actions corresponding to airport check-in, safety screening, and navigating to the departure gate. These procedures require allotted time, which varies relying on elements corresponding to airport dimension, passenger quantity, and particular person traveler preparedness. Arriving on the airport with adequate time to navigate these procedures minimizes stress and reduces the chance of missed flights. For the Nashville to Tri-Cities route, understanding typical wait instances at Nashville Worldwide Airport (BNA) permits for extra correct journey planning.

  • Flight Period

    Flight period, the time spent within the air, constitutes a core element of complete journey time. Whereas typically quick for this specific route, flight period can fluctuate relying on elements corresponding to climate circumstances and air visitors management. Direct flights usually supply the quickest journey choice, whereas connecting flights necessitate extra time for layovers and potential delays. Correct estimations of flight period contribute to practical itinerary planning.

  • Publish-Flight Procedures

    Publish-flight procedures contain actions corresponding to baggage declare, navigating the arrival airport, and floor transportation to the ultimate vacation spot throughout the Tri-Cities space (Bristol, Johnson Metropolis, or Kingsport). These procedures require extra time, influenced by elements corresponding to airport format, baggage dealing with effectivity, and chosen transportation technique. For the Tri-Cities Airport (TRI), understanding floor transportation choices and related journey instances to surrounding areas facilitates seamless transitions.

  • Total Time Effectivity

    Evaluating complete journey time, encompassing all pre-flight, in-flight, and post-flight actions, supplies a complete understanding of time effectivity. Evaluating this complete time with different transportation strategies, corresponding to driving, permits vacationers to make knowledgeable choices based mostly on time constraints and total comfort. The time effectivity of flying between Nashville and the Tri-Cities usually makes it a preferable choice, particularly for enterprise vacationers or these prioritizing time administration.

Efficient administration of journey time contributes considerably to a clean and environment friendly journey expertise between Nashville and the Tri-Cities. By contemplating every element of complete journey time and anticipating potential delays, vacationers can optimize their itineraries, decrease stress, and maximize time spent at their vacation spot. This complete understanding of time-related elements empowers knowledgeable decision-making and contributes to a extra constructive journey expertise total.

8. Reserving Strategies

Reserving strategies considerably affect the planning and execution of journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities, TN through air. The chosen technique impacts not solely ticket costs but in addition entry to ancillary companies, corresponding to seat choice, baggage allowance upgrades, and potential journey insurance coverage choices. Using on-line journey companies, airline web sites, or conventional journey brokers every presents distinct benefits and drawbacks. On-line journey companies supply aggregated flight choices from a number of airways, facilitating value comparisons and infrequently presenting bundled offers. Airline web sites present direct entry to particular airline loyalty packages and probably supply specialised promotions or fare gross sales. Conventional journey brokers supply personalised service and experience, probably precious for complicated itineraries or vacationers searching for personalized journey preparations. The selection of reserving technique is determined by particular person traveler preferences and priorities. For example, vacationers prioritizing price financial savings may favor on-line journey companies, whereas these valuing personalised service may go for conventional brokers. Understanding the nuances of every technique empowers knowledgeable decision-making.

Choosing an acceptable reserving technique contributes to securing fascinating flight instances and managing journey budgets successfully. Reserving nicely upfront, significantly throughout peak journey seasons, usually secures higher fares and most popular flight schedules. Final-minute bookings, whereas generally providing discounted fares for remaining seats, carry the chance of restricted availability and probably undesirable flight instances. Moreover, totally different reserving strategies supply various levels of flexibility relating to modifications or cancellations. Some strategies impose stricter penalties for modifications, whereas others supply extra lenient insurance policies. Contemplating potential journey disruptions or modifications in plans informs the selection of reserving technique. For instance, vacationers anticipating potential schedule modifications may prioritize reserving strategies providing larger flexibility, even at a barely larger preliminary price. This proactive strategy mitigates potential monetary penalties related to unexpected circumstances.

Efficient utilization of reserving strategies optimizes the journey expertise for these flying between Nashville and the Tri-Cities, TN. Understanding the benefits and drawbacks of assorted reserving channels, mixed with strategic planning and consideration of particular person journey wants, contributes to securing cost-effective fares, fascinating flight schedules, and acceptable ranges of reserving flexibility. This knowledgeable strategy streamlines the journey course of, minimizes potential disruptions, and finally enhances the general journey expertise. Cautious collection of a reserving technique, aligned with particular person journey preferences and priorities, empowers knowledgeable decision-making and contributes to a extra environment friendly and passable journey.

9. Transportation Choices

Seamless transition between air journey and floor transportation is crucial for environment friendly journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. Understanding obtainable transportation choices at Tri-Cities Airport (TRI) facilitates knowledgeable decision-making and ensures clean connections to closing locations throughout the area, together with Bristol, Johnson Metropolis, and Kingsport. Contemplating elements corresponding to price, comfort, and journey time permits vacationers to pick essentially the most acceptable mode of transportation.

  • Rental Automobiles

    Rental automotive companies at TRI present flexibility and comfort for vacationers exploring the area independently. Main rental automotive corporations function on the airport, providing numerous automobile varieties to swimsuit particular person wants. Pre-booking rental automobiles on-line usually secures higher charges and ensures automobile availability. This selection permits for impartial exploration of the Tri-Cities space, providing flexibility in itinerary and entry to areas not simply served by public transportation. Nonetheless, elements like parking charges and gas prices needs to be thought of.

  • Trip-Sharing Providers

    Trip-sharing companies supply a handy different to conventional taxis, offering on-demand transportation via cellular functions. Availability and pricing fluctuate relying on demand and distance. This selection provides door-to-door service and eliminates the necessity for parking, proving significantly helpful for vacationers unfamiliar with the world. Nonetheless, elements like surge pricing throughout peak hours and reliance on cellular knowledge connectivity needs to be thought of.

  • Taxi Providers

    Taxi companies are available at TRI, offering direct transportation to locations throughout the Tri-Cities space. Understanding typical fares and making certain clear communication relating to vacation spot addresses is crucial. This conventional mode of transportation provides quick availability upon arrival, eliminating wait instances related to ride-sharing or rental automotive pick-up. Nonetheless, taxis are usually a dearer choice in comparison with different modes of floor transportation.

  • Airport Shuttles

    Airport shuttle companies supply pre-scheduled transportation between TRI and designated motels or different places throughout the area. A number of shuttle corporations function within the space, offering cost-effective shared transportation choices. Pre-booking shuttle companies is usually required to ensure availability. This selection serves as an economical different to taxis or ride-sharing, significantly for solo vacationers or these on a price range. Nonetheless, shared shuttle companies could contain a number of stops and longer journey instances in comparison with direct transportation choices.

Strategic collection of floor transportation choices enhances the general effectivity and comfort of air journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. By contemplating elements corresponding to price, journey time, and particular person wants, vacationers can seamlessly combine floor transportation into their itinerary, making certain clean transitions and maximizing time spent at their vacation spot. Environment friendly floor transportation enhances the comfort of the Nashville to Tri-Cities flight, contributing to a extra constructive and productive journey expertise.

Incessantly Requested Questions

This part addresses frequent inquiries relating to air journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area of Tennessee. Clear and concise solutions present sensible data for potential vacationers.

Query 1: What’s the typical flight period between Nashville Worldwide Airport (BNA) and Tri-Cities Airport (TRI)?

Flight period usually ranges between 45 and 60 minutes, although precise instances could fluctuate as a result of elements like climate and air visitors.

Query 2: Which airways supply flights on this route?

Airways servicing this route usually embody regional associates of main carriers. Checking on-line journey companies or immediately with airways supplies essentially the most up-to-date data on present carriers.

Query 3: What floor transportation choices can be found at TRI?

Choices embody rental automobiles, ride-sharing companies, taxis, and airport shuttles. Pre-booking transportation is advisable, particularly throughout peak journey durations.

Query 4: How far upfront ought to flights be booked?

Reserving a number of weeks upfront is usually advisable, particularly for journey throughout well-liked durations. Nonetheless, last-minute offers could often be obtainable.

Query 5: What are the everyday baggage allowances for this route?

Baggage allowances fluctuate by airline and fare kind. Checking particular airline insurance policies earlier than journey is crucial to keep away from sudden charges.

Query 6: Are there direct flights obtainable between BNA and TRI?

Direct flights are usually obtainable, although frequency could fluctuate relying on the time of yr and airline. On-line flight engines like google present present schedule data.

Cautious consideration of those incessantly requested questions empowers knowledgeable journey planning. Proactive analysis and preparation contribute considerably to a clean and environment friendly journey expertise.

The next part will present additional element on particular features of journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities, together with ideas for navigating airports and maximizing journey effectivity.

Suggestions for Environment friendly Journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities

Optimizing journey effectivity between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area requires cautious planning and consideration of assorted elements. The following tips supply precious insights for streamlining the journey course of and maximizing comfort.

Tip 1: E-book Flights in Advance: Reserving flights a number of weeks previous to the meant journey date usually secures extra favorable fares and most popular flight schedules. This proactive strategy mitigates the chance of restricted availability and potential value will increase nearer to the departure date, significantly throughout peak journey seasons.

Tip 2: Examine Airline Choices: Totally different airways supply various ranges of service, baggage allowances, and in-flight facilities. Evaluating choices throughout a number of carriers permits vacationers to pick the airline greatest aligned with particular person wants and preferences.

Tip 3: Contemplate Floor Transportation Logistics: Planning floor transportation preparations upfront ensures seamless connections upon arrival at Tri-Cities Airport (TRI). Pre-booking rental automobiles, airport shuttles, or ride-sharing companies avoids potential delays and facilitates environment friendly switch to closing locations throughout the area.

Tip 4: Pack Effectively: Adhering to airline baggage restrictions prevents sudden charges and streamlines the check-in and boarding course of. Packing strategically and minimizing carry-on and checked baggage gadgets contributes to a smoother journey expertise.

Tip 5: Examine Flight Standing Often: Monitoring flight standing for potential delays or schedule modifications permits for proactive changes to journey plans. Staying knowledgeable about flight updates minimizes disruptions and facilitates well timed communication with floor transportation suppliers if vital.

Tip 6: Make the most of Airport Sources: Familiarizing oneself with airport layouts, facilities, and companies supplied at each Nashville Worldwide Airport (BNA) and TRI contributes to environment friendly navigation and minimizes stress related to airport procedures. Using on-line airport maps and sources previous to journey enhances preparedness and facilitates clean transitions.

Tip 7: Think about Journey Time to and from Airports: Contemplating journey time to and from airports, together with potential visitors delays, ensures practical scheduling and avoids missed flights. Allocating adequate time for transportation to and from airports contributes to a stress-free journey expertise.

Implementing these methods enhances journey effectivity and contributes to a extra seamless and gratifying journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area. Cautious planning and a focus to element optimize the general journey expertise, permitting vacationers to deal with their vacation spot quite than logistical challenges.

The next conclusion summarizes the important thing advantages of air journey between these two places and reinforces the significance of strategic planning.

Conclusion

Air journey between Nashville and the Tri-Cities area provides important benefits when it comes to time effectivity and comfort. This evaluation has explored key features of such journey, together with airline choices, flight schedules, typical fares, baggage allowances, floor transportation choices at Tri-Cities Airport, and methods for environment friendly journey planning. Understanding these parts empowers knowledgeable decision-making and contributes to a smoother, extra streamlined journey expertise. Elements corresponding to reserving strategies, flight period, and airport procedures all play an important position in optimizing journey effectivity.

The supply of this air route fosters important financial and social connections between Tennessee’s capital and its northeastern area. Strategic planning and utilization of accessible sources maximize the advantages of this journey choice. Additional analysis into particular regional sights and actions enhances the general journey expertise, selling exploration and understanding of the Tri-Cities space. Environment friendly and well-informed journey contributes considerably to each enterprise productiveness and leisure enjoyment.