Computer-Aided Design (CAD) files are digital representations of physical objects or concepts, appearing as intricate geometric models. These models can be two-dimensional (2D), resembling technical drawings with lines, arcs, and text annotations, or three-dimensional (3D), portraying objects with depth and volume, allowing for visualization from various perspectives. A simple example is a 2D CAD file representing a floor plan, consisting of lines depicting walls, symbols for doors and windows, and dimensions indicating sizes. A 3D CAD file might represent a mechanical component, showing its shape, features, and material properties.
The value of these digital representations lies in their precision and versatility. They enable engineers, architects, and designers to create, modify, analyze, and document designs efficiently. CAD files facilitate collaboration by allowing teams to share and review designs electronically, minimizing errors and streamlining the design process. Historically, drafting was a manual and time-consuming task; CAD technology revolutionized this process, offering greater accuracy, speed, and the ability to easily iterate on designs.