Magnetism is a physical phenomenon that arises from the motion of electric charges. A magnet is a material that can attract or repel other magnets or magnetic materials. Magnets can be either permanent or temporary. Permanent magnets retain their magnetic properties indefinitely, while temporary magnets only exhibit magnetic properties when they are in the presence of a magnetic field.
There are many different ways to make a magnet. One common method is to stroke a ferromagnetic material, such as iron, with a permanent magnet. This will align the magnetic domains in the ferromagnetic material, creating a permanent magnet. Another method is to pass an electric current through a coil of wire. This will create a magnetic field around the coil, which can be used to magnetize ferromagnetic materials.