Knee replacement implants, including those used in robotic-assisted surgeries, are typically constructed from a combination of biocompatible materials designed to withstand the demanding environment of the human knee joint. The femoral component, which replaces the end of the femur (thighbone), is commonly made of a metal alloy, often cobalt-chromium. This material is selected for its strength, durability, and resistance to wear and corrosion.
The tibial component, which replaces the top of the tibia (shinbone), usually consists of two parts: a metal baseplate, often titanium alloy, which provides a stable platform, and a polyethylene insert. Polyethylene is a durable plastic that acts as a smooth bearing surface, allowing the knee to bend and flex with minimal friction. Some implants also utilize ceramic materials, either as a coating on the femoral component or as the bearing surface itself, to further reduce wear and extend the lifespan of the implant. The choice of materials contributes significantly to the longevity and functionality of the replacement.
